Table of Contents
1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................. 1
2 BACKGROUND ............................................................................................................................................... 2
2.1 WHY IS IT ESSENTIAL THAT SENIOR CITIZENS GET ONLINE? .......................................................................................... 2
2.2 WHAT ARE THE CHALLENGES FOR SENIOR CITIZENS .................................................................................................. 2
2.2.1 Physical Limitations ................................................................................................................................. 3
2.2.2 Cognitive Limitations ............................................................................................................................... 3
2.2.3 Other Barriers .......................................................................................................................................... 3
3 SENIOR CENTERED DESIGN ............................................................................................................................ 6
3.1 WHAT ARE THE CURRENT SOLUTIONS .................................................................................................................... 6
3.2 PROBLEMS WITH CURRENT SOLUTIONS .................................................................................................................. 8
3.3 SKYPE ............................................................................................................................................................. 9
3.4 SOCIAL MEDIA .................................................................................................................................................. 9
3.5 E-MAIL .......................................................................................................................................................... 13
3.6 A SOFTWARE SOLUTION – BIGSCREENLIVE, ELDY AND POINTERWARE ...................................................................... 13
3.6.1 BigScreenLive ......................................................................................................................................... 14
3.6.2 Eldy ........................................................................................................................................................ 16
3.6.3 PointerWare ........................................................................................................................................... 18
3.7 RESEARCH ON BIGSCREENLIVE, ELDY AND POINTERWARE ....................................................................................... 20
4 METHODS .................................................................................................................................................... 22
4.1 RECRUITMENT ................................................................................................................................................ 22
4.2 QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DATA .............................................................................................................. 22
4.3 DATA COLLECTION .......................................................................................................................................... 23
4.3.1 Surveys ................................................................................................................................................... 23
4.3.2 Study Tasks ............................................................................................................................................ 25
4.3.3 Measuring Usability ............................................................................................................................... 26
4.3.4 Usability Data Collection ........................................................................................................................ 27
4.3.5 Think-Aloud Protocol .............................................................................................................................. 28
4.3.6 Analysis .................................................................................................................................................. 29
4.3.7 Evaluation .............................................................................................................................................. 30
5 SURVEY RESULTS ......................................................................................................................................... 31
5.1 DEMOGRAPHICS.............................................................................................................................................. 31
5.2 PREVIOUS EXPERIENCE WITH COMPUTERS ............................................................................................................ 32
5.3 PHYSICAL AND COGNITIVE LIMITATIONS ............................................................................................................... 33
5.4 PREFERENCES FOR INTERACTION ........................................................................................................................ 34
5.5 USER SATISFACTION......................................................................................................................................... 35
5.6 TASK EVALUATION AND CONFIDENCE ................................................................................................................... 38
5.7 COMPUTER ATTITUDE SCALE, COMPUTER ANXIETY RATING SCALE, AND SYSTEM USABILITY SCALE RESULTS ...................... 41
6 TASK COMPLETION RESULTS ....................................................................................................................... 43
6.1 TIMING ......................................................................................................................................................... 44
6.2 ERROR SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................................... 48